Building



Febq25, 1930. v -A. 1F. BEMl BUILDING Y Filed Nov. 20, 1926 ZIB I Patented. Feb. 25,

y UNITED STATES PATENT; OFFICE ALBERT F. BEMIS, OF NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO BEMIS INDUSTRIES, INC., OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE BUILDING l Application led November 20, 1926. Serial No. 149,765.

This invention relates to an improved type of building construction wherein the component units to form the building may be perl formed in a manufacturing establishment and rapidly assembled in situ. In certain `aspects- 1925; and Nos. 72,673, 72,674 and 72,678 all istics of which can be considerably varied to type disclosed herein mayl be made moisture v filedDecember 2, 1925'.4 Y

The present invention more particularly relates to an improved form of wall construction which may be rapidly assembled of preformed, manufactured units which not only permit facility of construction butv alsoform a sturdy and rigid structure, the charactersuit individual requirements. A wall of the and Iire resistant, being provided with an intermediate mineral seal for its entire extent,

While at the same time numerous spaces for heat insulation are provided; these spaces also Abeing adapted to receivel wires, pipes or the like or to form ducts for ventilation orheating as well as'being adapted to receive the poured cementitious material, which may, if

desired, form monolithic extensions or connections with the main concrete frame members-of the building.

v The above and further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon a reading of the subjoined description and claims in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: v

Fig. 1 is a horizontal cross section of one form of improved wall assembly; j 4 Fig. 2 is a similar view of another form of wall assembly;

Fllig. 3 is an isometric view of a portion ofv a wa Y Fig. 4 is a view of a slightly different form l of wall section; j Y v Fig. 5 illustrates a variant detail of assem-v bly of slabs and columns; and

Fig. 6 is a sectional detail. `Referring to the accompanying drawings it may be seen that in general a wall constructed in accordance with this invention comprises' a series of spaced vertical columns which preferably may be split in order to be keyed in a suitable manner to intermediate wall sections, which comprise outer layersof building units or blocks which preferably are assembled 'with a slab of mineral material therebetween.

Thus `in certain aspects the present invenf tion resembles the disclosure of my above# identiedcopending applicationy Serial No. 36,751, since it employs split columns which are adapted to be secured to intermediate wall sections. However, the present form of wall section comprises outer layers each formed by a series of units or blocks 1, which may be composed of any suitable material, for example excelsior, Wood shavings and the like, pressed and .bound with van oXychloric cement, or any cementitious4 or ceramic materialwith or'without a suitable aggregate. The inner side of'each block 1 is provided with a series of vertically extending depressions 2 which in the form of the invention shown herein are illustrated as being of semicircular cross section, but which may be varied in shape as desired. Preferably, although not necessarily, the blocks l are symmetrical so that depressions 2 upon opposite sides of the wall and in adjacent courses will register or be in substantial alignment. Intermediate the blocks 2 is disposed a slab of mineral or cementitious material `3 to provide a seal.

This slab may conveniently be composed of j gypsum or a similar light cementitious ma terial.

Formatlon of a wall section in this manner of three layers of material, namely oppositely located layers of building blocks or units 1 and a slab of mineral material 3 therebetween permits the convenient keying of the wall sections to the split columns 4. `These columns 4 may preferably comprise complemental poralso be inset between the edges of units 1,-

the slabs'3 having a length somewhat less j than that of the units to form a groove for any convenient securing means which may pass through the slab. After one wall section h as been completed in this manner, a key 9 1s located in groove 10 at the other end of the section and the adjoining column 4 is clamped to the key and then the next wall section comprising units 1 and slab 3 is assembled in a similar manner at the other side of the last erected column.

If desired the slab 3 may have a Slightly greater length than the units 1 and its vertical edges may therefore comprise the ke s which secure the wall section to the uprig t columns as disclosed in Fig. l and Fig. 4. ln certain other cases cementitious material poured into the elongate openings 7 of the column 4 may have outward extensions 13 extending between the complemental halves of the column to comprise a key for the builtup wall sections (Fig. 5). Obviously, if desired, members 1 may be of. one-piece construction for the entire height of the story or other similar dimension of the building to correspond to the preferred size of the slabs or cores 3, (Fig. 4). When the units and inv similarly align the upper extremities of Athe,

termediate slab have similar dimensions they may be assembled before being broughtto the building site in order to compose composite building blocks.

Any suitable aligning means may be usedn to hold the columns and units to the frame work of the building, such as, for exam le, illustrated in my above-identified copendmg' applications, one especially convenient means being shown in Fig. 3, .wherein the height of slab 3 is slightly less than that of several courses of units 1, whereb a key member 20 projects upwardly from oundation 21 and .into the groove thus formed between the two lower units 1, thus holding them as well as the complemental column sections 6 to the foundation 21, while elongate keys 22 may wall sections and columns.

The spaces 2 may illed to provide heat lnsulation, to comprise air ducts, or to permit the locating of wires,

pipes, etc. in the wall, or if desired, they may be poured with cementitious material to any' desired degree to provide the wall with added strength and rigidit while the spaces 7 in the columns may or inarily bel poured with concrete or the like. The spaces 7 the columns, aswell as the spaces 2 in the units 1, are adapted to receive metal members 15 to reinforce concrete poured therein, if desired.

preferably be left un- When it is desired to pour a concrete girt member or the like above the wall the concrete may either be poured into the spaces 2 to form monolithic extensions of the girt or caps 30 may be inserted in the upper ends of openings 2 to maintain an air space in the same. These caps may conveniently be of semi-circular form (Figs. 4 and 6) to correspond to the shape of openings 2, having an outstanding ange 31 upon their circular margins, being' adapted to have the Straight margins abut the upper key member 22. If desired this key member 22 may terminate at each column-4 as disclosed in Fig. 3, while in other cases it may be desirable to provide a continuous member of this type.

Obviously key members of this character are adapted to act as reinforcements for concrete frame'members either at the top or bottom of the wall sections as well as serving to tie the columns to one another. Inplaee of the semi-circular caps 2,` thin unitary plates may be located beneath the key 22 or similar members in order to cover depressionsl at both sides to the wall. j i

Obviously a building construction of this -type may be rapidly assembled, ma)7 be adapt- ,ed' to widely variant requirements, may be Areadily repaired or altered as desired, and isl adapted to provide a highl 'satisfactory deree of heat insulation an of moisture and re resistance.

I claim:

1. A wall section comprising a layer -of units assembled at either lside .of a central cementitious core, said cementitious slab havin a smaller lon 'tudinal extent than the adjolningl layers o units, thereby providing a continuous groove for keying the wall section to an adjoining part of the building.

2. A wall section comprising a layer of units assembled 'at either `side of a central cementitious slab, said cementitious slab `having a slightly smaller vertical extent than the corresponding units whereb a continuf` ous groove is provided for keym the wall .v

:section to a horizontal frame mem r or for".

the introduction of reinforcing or t 'ngmem's bers for the adjoining structurall rame.

' 3. -A wall section comprlsingja .layer of units assembled at either side of a central cementitious slab, said cementitious slab hav ing slightly different dimensions than the corresponding wall units whereby the edges of isc ' a ey inserted in said groove to hold the upper hpart of the wall `to a girt or the like, caps in the ends of the said openings in the units and engaging said key to prevent lling of the openings with cementitious material or the like.

6. A Wall construction comprising an intermediate substantially continuous mineral seal, said seal comprising a pluralit of cem.

entitious slabs in alignment wit juxtaposed vertical edges, andjbipartite upright members located between the slabs 'and provided with a cementitious core aligned with said slabs, and a layer of building material arranged at each side ofthe slabs.

7 A wall construction comprising an intermediate substantially continuous mineral seal, said seal comprising a pluralit of 'cementitious slabs in alignment wit juxtaposed vertical edges, upright members associated with said juxtaposed edges, and hav.

ing cementitious ortions in alignment therewith, a layer ofb at each .side of the slabs etween the upright members, and fastening elements extending through the slabs to hold the layers of buildn vertical ed es. w construction comprising'an inwith each other and having closely spacedv ing material in place.

8. A wall construction comprising an intermediate substantially continuous rotective layer of fire-resistant material, sai layer comprising preformed slabs in alignment with each other and having juxtaposed vertical edges, and u right members havin;

fire-resistant cores tween saidl juxtap A9 A termediate substantially continuous protective layer of fire-resistant material, said layer l comprising preformed slabs in alignmentsv vertical edges, pairs of upright members adjoiningv the vertical margins of the slabs, I

and cementitious material poured Vin vspaces I' right members, whereby the preformed slabs and poured material cooperate in providing the substantially continuous protective layer.- 10. Awall construction comprising an inuildin Amaterial arrangedl in enclosing insulating voids adjoining the faces ofthe slabs.

`11. A wall construction comprising an intermediate substantially continuous protective layer of fire-resistant material, said layer comprising preformed slabs in alignment with leach other and having closely spaced vertical edges, pairs of u right members be.

tween vertical margins o the slabs, and cenientitious material poured in spaces between the slabs and the upright members, whereby the preformed slabs and poured material co operate in providing the substantially continuous protective layer, and a layer of buildin sla s, said material being arranged to c'o\ operate with the slabs in providing insulating voids adjoining the faces of the slabs.

12. A wall constructioncomprising an intermediate substantially continuous protecmaterial disposedI at each side of thetive layer of'fire-resistant material, said layer comprising preformed slabs in alignment with each other and having .juxtaposed vertical edges, and upright members adjoining the vertical edges of the slabs, and building 90 material secured to opposite faces'qf the slabs and projecting beyond the vertical edges thereof to providekeyways for securing the :slabs to vertical frame members.

Signed by me at Boston, Massachusetts, this ourth day of November,'1926'. ALBERI F. BEMIS.

between vthe slabs and portions of theupf termediate substantially continuous proteci with each .other and h tive layer of lire-resistant material, said layer comprising preformedV slabs in alignment avingejuxtaposed vertical edges, upright mem resistant portions between theedges of the Eised at each side of theslabs, "said material ing arranged to cooperate withthe rs having firej slabs, and a layer of building materialfdisiis 

